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2.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 69(1): 13-19, ene.-feb. 2013. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-125484

RESUMO

Los Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos (CIPs) iniciaron su actividad en el Hospital Infantil La Paz en el año 1074. El servicio actual dispone de 16 camas, cuatro de cuidados medios, ocho de cuidados intensivos y cuatro de aislamiento con exclusa y filtros HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air). En los últimos 6 años (2006-2010) se han atendido 3.674 pacientes, media de 612 pacientes año, con una ocupación media anual del 83,4% y mortalidad media anual del 4,9%. Al ser considerado un servicio polivalente, se ha establecido una estrecha colaboración prácticamente con la totalidad de los servicios y especialidades pediátricas médico-quirúrgicas del hospital, con mayor o menor frecuencia según las patologías asistidas, destacando entre las patologías asistidas, destacado entre las patologías quirúrgicas los pacientes con asistencia ventricular (Berlin Hear), ECMO (Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation) y trasplante cardiaco; así como tratamiento psotoepratorio de los trasplantes hepáticos, renales, intestinales y multiviscerales. Entre las líneas de trabajo, hay que destacar el tratamiento intracoronario con células progenitoras autólogas de médula ósea en pacientes con miocardiopatía dilatada e insuficiencia cardíaca; creación de un equipo mixto, médico y de enfermería para el abordaje guiado por ecografía, de accesos venosos centrales insertados periféricamente; registro de una patente europea de válvula de cierre ultrarrápido y sin fugas para respiradores; utilización a nivel pediátrico de la tecnología ventilatoria NAVA (Neurally Adjusted Ventilatory Asist); monitorización hemodinámica con el monitor PiCCO2 (Pulsion Medical System); la promoción de la ecuación médica basada en la simulación de ata fidelidad y la implantación de la asistencia ventricular externa en Pediatría (AU)


The Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of La Paz Universitary Hospital, was founded in 1974. It is now a polyvalent medical-surgical tertiary unit, equipped with 4 intermediate care beds, 8 intensive care beds and 4 isolation beds with airlock and HEPA filters for the treatment of transplanted and immunocompromised patients. In the last 6 years, 3674 patients have been treated (mean 612 patients/year) with a mean occupancy rate of 83,4% and a mortality rate of 4,9&. As the polyvalent unit it is, PICU staff maintains close and daily contact and cooperation with almost all the rest of the medical and surgical departments of the hospital. In this regard Critically ill cardiac patients are admitted in the PICU ( for the treatment with ECMO and ventricular assist devices (EXCOR Berlin Heart), as well as post-operative patients after cardiac, liver, renal, intestinal and multivisceral transplantation. Of all the achievements and current lines of work of the department, it can be highlighted the intracoronary treatment with autologous bone marrow derived progenitor cells in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, the implantation development of a pediatric ventricular assist program, the echo guided cannulation of peripherally inserted central venous catheter by a especially trained intravenous therapy team, the registration of a European patent for a ultrarapid shutoff respirator valve, the incorporation of NAVA mode for mechanically ventilated patients and the PiCCO2 monitor for the hemodynamic monitorization of patient with cardiovascular dysfunction, and the promotion of medical education based on high-fidelity simulation (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Estado Terminal/epidemiologia , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica/organização & administração , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal/organização & administração , Hospitais Pediátricos/organização & administração , Cuidados Críticos/organização & administração
3.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 68(5): 255-257, mayo 2010.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-85128

RESUMO

Las intoxicaciones constituyen un motivo de consulta frecuente en urgencias pediátricas. En los pacientes con bajo nivel de conciencia y afectación multiorgánica, las intoxicaciones deben considerarse como primera sospecha diagnóstica. Presentamos el caso de una niña de 3 años de edad con dolor abdominal, vómitos, dificultad respiratoria, sensación de mareo, agitación y disminución del nivel de conciencia. Los padres referían que cuando la niña presentó el cuadro estaba comiendo un caramelo, por lo que ante la sospecha de aspiración, se le realizó una intubación y una broncoscopia rígida, con la que se descartó la existencia de un cuerpo extraño y se observó una mucosa traqueobronquial con lesiones difusas. Durante la broncoscopia la paciente sufrió una crisis convulsiva; se le administró midazolam y se realizó una tomografía computarizada craneal, que resultó normal. Se ingresó a la paciente en la unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos, donde se mantuvo en ventilación mecánica. Los padres referían que su hija padecía una pediculosis, tratada en las últimas horas con un insecticida (Floricruz Cruz Verde®), compuesto por un organofosforado (diazinón) y un hidrocarburo (nafta) (AU)


Poisoning represents a frequent reason for consultation in emergency pediatrics. In patients with a low level of consciousness and other organs involvement, should be regarded as a first diagnosis suspicion. We present a three year old girl who presents stomach-ache, vomits, respiratory distress, sensation of dizziness, agitation and a decrease of consciousness. Her parents refer she was eating a candy, so an accidental ingestion is suspected. She was intubated and underwent rigid bronchoscopy. There is nothing in the airway but there are a lot of erosions in the tracheal and bronchial mucosa. The girl suffers a convulsive crisis during the bronchoscopy and she is treated with midazolam. Brain CT scan is normal. She is admitted in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) and connected to mechanical ventilation. The parents are interrogated again and they refer she has a pediculosis which they have treated in the last few hours with insecticide(Floricruz Cruz Verde®), which contains an organophosphate(diazinon) and a hydrocarbon (naphta) (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Compostos Organofosforados/efeitos adversos , Compostos Organofosforados/análise , Compostos Organofosforados/toxicidade , Intoxicação/complicações , Intoxicação/diagnóstico , Intoxicação/terapia , Dor Abdominal/complicações , Dor Abdominal/diagnóstico , Dor Abdominal/terapia , Vômito/complicações , Vômito/diagnóstico , Broncoscopia/métodos , Broncoscopia , Atropina/metabolismo , Atropina/toxicidade , Epilepsia/complicações
4.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 68(4): 346-52, 2008 Apr.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18394378

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate end-of-life care in a Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). METHODS: Retrospective study developed in a PICU. SUBJECTS: 41 workers from the PICU and parents of 26 deceased children (from 2001 to 2005). A questionnaire was designed to investigate end-of-life care. RESULTS: An age < 1-year old and a chronic or congenital disease correlated with a perceived lack of consistency in information. Nearly 38 % parents were with their children at the time of death; 64 % of all parents consider this "positive", and 13 % consider it "negative". Forty per cent of staff stated that it is "positive" for parents to be by the side of their child at the time of death, and 52 % do not know. Seventy-three per cent of staff, but only 29 % of parents want further professional psychological support for parents. Twenty per cent of children died following withdrawal of life support. The most important factors for this decision were the possibility of survival and quality of life. The majority (73 %) of caregivers express the view that often, this decision should be taken earlier. CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of staff opinions underlines the importance of the way news is communicated, the timing of withdrawal of life support, and the need for psychological support. Parents emphasized the role of the family during time spent in a PICU and during the last moments.


Assuntos
Pessoal de Saúde , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica/normas , Pais , Assistência Terminal/organização & administração , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Tomada de Decisões , Eutanásia Passiva , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica/organização & administração , Cuidados para Prolongar a Vida , Masculino , Variações Dependentes do Observador , Cuidados Paliativos/normas , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Espanha , Inquéritos e Questionários , Assistência Terminal/normas
5.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 68(4): 346-352, abr. 2008. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-63063

RESUMO

Objetivos: Evaluar los cuidados al final de la vida en una unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos (UCIP). Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo desarrollado en una UCIP. Los sujetos fueron 41 trabajadores de la UCIP y los padres de 26 niños fallecidos entre 2001 y 2005. Se diseñó un cuestionario para evaluar los cuidados al final de la vida proporcionados en este período. Resultados: La edad inferior a 1 año y las enfermedades crónicas o congénitas son las variables que se correlacionaron con una mayor percepción de incoherencia en la información. Cerca del 38 % de los padres estuvieron junto a sus hijos en el momento del fallecimiento; el 64 % de ellos consideran estar presentes algo positivo, y el 13 %, algo negativo. El 40 % del personal declaró que es positivo para los padres estar al lado de sus hijos en el momento del fallecimiento, y el 52 % no sabía si era positivo o negativo. El 73 % del personal, pero sólo el 29 % de los padres, desearía apoyo psicológico profesional para los padres. El 20 % de los niños fallecieron tras la retirada del soporte vital. Los factores más importantes para esta decisión fueron la posibilidad de supervivencia y la calidad de vida. La mayoría de los sanitarios expresaron que, a menudo, esta decisión debería haber sido tomada antes. Conclusiones: El análisis del personal subraya la importancia del cómo las noticias son comunicadas, del momento de retirada del soporte vital y la necesidad del apoyo psicológico. Los padres enfatizan más el papel de la familia en la UCIP y durante los últimos momentos (AU)


Objectives: To evaluate end-of-life care in a Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). Methods: Retrospective study developed in a PICU. Subjects: 41 workers from the PICU and parents of 26 deceased children (from 2001 to 2005). A questionnaire was designed to investigate end-of-life care. Results: An age < 1-year old and a chronic or congenital disease correlated with a perceived lack of consistency in information. Nearly 38 % parents were with their children at the time of death; 64 % of all parents consider this "positive", and 13 % consider it "negative". Forty per cent of staff stated that it is "positive" for parents to be by the side of their child at the time of death, and 52 % do not know. Seventy-three per cent of staff, but only 29 % of parents want further professional psychological support for parents. Twenty per cent of children died following withdrawal of life support. The most important factors for this decision were the possibility of survival and quality of life. The majority (73 %) of caregivers express the view that often, this decision should be taken earlier. Conclusions: Analysis of staff opinions underlines the importance of the way news is communicated, the timing of withdrawal of life support, and the need for psychological support. Parents emphasized the role of the family during time spent in a PICU and during the last moments (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica/tendências , Assistência Terminal/estatística & dados numéricos , Cuidados Paliativos/estatística & dados numéricos , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde , Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à Saúde , Pesquisas sobre Atenção à Saúde , Doente Terminal/estatística & dados numéricos , Atitude Frente a Morte , Suspensão de Tratamento
6.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 68(2): 165-80, 2008 Feb.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18341885

RESUMO

The present article reviews the importance of the study of energy metabolism and its methods of assessment in children. Classically, energy requirements have been assessed by predictive equations based on anthropometric data. However, there are several physiologic and pathogenic states that may cause discrepancies between estimated and real values and consequently direct measurements of energy expenditure should be used. The gold standard to assess total energy expenditure during prolonged periods is the doubly labeled water method, which is mainly used for research studies. The best approach for resting energy expenditure determination in the clinical setting is indirect calorimetry. However, this method does not provide data on energy consumption under free-living conditions and its use in some critical care patients is restricted by technical limitations. Several other approaches to assess activity have been developed, based on heart rate, body temperature measurements, motion sensors and combined methods.


Assuntos
Metabolismo Energético/fisiologia , Calorimetria/métodos , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino
7.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 68(2): 165-180, feb. 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-63794

RESUMO

Se revisa en este artículo la importancia del estudio del metabolismo energético y sus métodos de valoración en los niños. Clásicamente se han utilizado ecuaciones antropométricas para la predicción de los requerimientos energéticos, pero en muchos estados fisiológicos y patológicos existen discrepancias entre los valores estimados y los reales, por lo que deben emplearse mediciones directas del consumo energético. El método del agua doblemente marcada es el patrón oro para la medición del gasto energético total en períodos prolongados; se utiliza preferentemente en investigación. La calorimetría indirecta se considera el patrón de referencia para la determinación del gasto energético en reposo en la práctica clínica, si bien no ofrece datos del consumo energético en condiciones reales de vida y presenta limitaciones técnicas que impiden su uso en algunos pacientes críticos. Se analizan otros métodos que intentan solventar los problemas de medición, basados en datos de frecuencia cardíaca, temperatura, sensores de movimiento y métodos combinados (AU)


The present article reviews the importance of the study of energy metabolism and its methods of assessment in children. Classically, energy requirements have been assessed by predictive equations based on anthropometric data. However, there are several physiologic and pathogenic states that may cause discrepancies between estimated and real values and consequently direct measurements of energy expenditure should be used. The gold standard to assess total energy expenditure during prolonged periods is the doubly labeled water method, which is mainly used for research studies. The best approach for resting energy expenditure determination in the clinical setting is indirect calorimetry. However, this method does not provide data on energy consumption under free-living conditions and its use in some critical care patients is restricted by technical limitations. Several other approaches to assess activity have been developed, based on heart rate, body temperature measurements, motion sensors and combined methods (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Metabolismo Energético
8.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 62(2): 105-12, 2005 Feb.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15701304

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To perform an epidemiologic study of artificial nutrition in critically-ill pediatric patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A multicenter, prospective and descriptive study was conducted in 23 Spanish intensive care units (ICU) (18 pediatric ICUs and five pediatric/neonatal ICUs) over a 1-month period. Artificial nutrition (AN) was required by 165 critically-ill patients (21.4 %). Data on diagnosis, severity, treatment, type of nutrition administered and complications were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 54.4 % of the participants were younger than 1 year, 19.4 % were aged between 1 and 5 years old, 15.7 % between 5 and 10 years old and 13.4 % were older than 10 years. ICU mean length stay was 11 days. One hundred six patients were administered enteral nutrition (EN): 67.9 % continuous nasogastric EN, 27.4 intermittent nasogastric EN, 16 % nasojejunal EN, 2.8 % gastrostomy EN. Eighty patients required parenteral nutrition (PN): 86.3 % central PN, 20 % peripheral PN. No significant differences were found between patients with EN and PN in mean energy intake, days receiving AN, diagnosis at admission to the ICU, disease severity (measured by PRISM III) or intensive support techniques. The EN group required greater inotropic support. Patients undergoing mechanical ventilation had equal mortality independent of the type of AN. The most common complications in EN were: 17.9 % emesis, 13.2 % abdominal distension, 11.3 % diarrhea, 4.7 % gastric residual volumes, and 6.6 % hypokalemia. In PN complications consisted of: 5 % catheter related infection, 1.3 % thrombophlebitis, 7.5 % hyponatremia, 3.8 % hypoglycemia, 6.3 % hypophosphatemia and 3.8 % hypertriglyceridemia. CONCLUSIONS: EN provides critically-ill children with adequate energy intake and is well tolerated. Therefore, if there are no contraindications, EN should be the system of choice in the critically-ill patient requiring AN.


Assuntos
Nutrição Enteral/estatística & dados numéricos , Nutrição Parenteral/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Nutrição Enteral/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Masculino , Nutrição Parenteral/efeitos adversos
9.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 62(2): 105-112, feb. 2005. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-037922

RESUMO

Estudio epidemiológico de nutrición artificial (NA) en niños críticamente enfermos. Pacientes y métodos Durante el período de un mes se ha realizado un estudio multicéntrico, prospectivo y descriptivo de nutrición enteral (NE) y parenteral (NP) en 23 unidades españolas de cuidados intensivos, 18 pediátricas y cinco, pediátricas/ neonatales. Precisaron NA 165 pacientes (21,4%). Se analizaron los datos referentes al diagnóstico, gravedad, tratamiento, tipo de nutrición administrada y complicaciones. Resultados El 51,4% tenían menos de un año, el 19,4 %, entre 1 y 5 años; el 15,7 %, entre 5 y 10 años y el 13,4 %, más de 10 años. La estancia media fue 11 días. Recibieron diferentes técnicas de NE en la evolución 106 casos; de éstos, el 67,9 %, nasogástrica continua; el 27,4 %, nasogástrica intermitente; el 16 %, nasoyeyunal; y el 2,8 %, por gastrostomía. Necesitaron NP 80 casos: el 86,3% central, y el 20 %, periférica. No existieron diferencias entre los pacientes con NE y NP con respecto al diagnóstico en unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos, grado de gravedad (medido mediante la escala pediátrica de riesgo de mortalidad [PRIMS-III]), técnicas de soporte intensivo, aporte calórico y duración de la nutrición. El grupo de NE precisó mayor apoyo inotrópico. Los pacientes críticos con ventilación mecánica tenían igual mortalidad con independencia del tipo de NA. Las complicaciones más frecuentes en NE fueron: 17,9 %, vómitos; 13,2 %, distensión abdominal; 11,3%, diarrea; 4,7%, restos gástricos; y 6,6 %, hipopotasemia. En la NP las complicaciones más destacadas fueron la infección relacionada con el catéter (5 %), tromboflebitis (1,3 %), hiponatremia (7,5 %), hipoglucemia (3,8 %), hipofosfatemia (6,3 %) e hipertrigliceridemia (3,8 %). Conclusiones Con la nutrición enteral se consigue en el paciente críticamente enfermo aportes calóricos adecuados, con buena tolerancia por lo que debe ser, salvo contraindicaciones, el sistema de elección de la nutrición artificial


Objective To perform an epidemiologic study of artificial nutrition in critically-ill pediatric patients. Patients and methods A multicenter, prospective and descriptive study was conducted in 23 Spanish intensive care units (ICU) (18 pediatric ICUs and five pediatric/neonatal ICUs) over a 1-month period. Artificial nutrition (AN) was required by 165 critically-ill patients (21.4 %). Data on diagnosis, severity, treatment, type of nutrition administered and complications were analyzed. Results A total of 54.4% of the participants were younger than 1 year, 19.4% were aged between 1 and 5 years old, 15.7% between 5 and 10 years old and 13.4 % were older than 10 years. ICU mean length stay was 11 days. One hundred six patients were administered enteral nutrition (EN): 67.9% continuous nasogastric EN, 27.4 intermittent nasogastric EN, 16 % nasojejunal EN, 2.8 % gastrostomy EN. Eighty patients required parenteral nutrition (PN): 86.3% central PN, 20 % peripheral PN. No significant differences were found between patients with EN and PN in mean energy intake, days receiving AN, diagnosis at admission to the ICU, disease severity (measured by PRISM III) or intensive support techniques. The EN group required greater inotropic support. Patients undergoing mechanical ventilation had equal mortality independent of the type of AN. The most common complications in EN were: 17.9 % emesis, 13.2 % abdominal distension, 11.3% diarrhea, 4.7% gastric residual volumes, and 6.6 % hypokalemia. In PN complications consisted of: 5% catheter related infection, 1.3 % thrombophlebitis, 7.5% hyponatremia, 3.8% hypoglycemia, 6.3% hypophosphatemia and 3.8 % hypertriglyceridemia. Conclusions EN provides critically-ill children with adequate energy intake and is well tolerated. Therefore, if there are no contraindications, EN should be the system of choice in the critically-ill patient requiring AN


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Adolescente , Humanos , Nutrição Enteral/estatística & dados numéricos , Nutrição Parenteral/estatística & dados numéricos , Nutrição Enteral/efeitos adversos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Nutrição Parenteral/efeitos adversos
10.
An Esp Pediatr ; 52(4): 314-8, 2000 Apr.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11003921

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To study the evolution of Fisher index during the early postoperative period after liver transplantation in children. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We have studied 32 liver transplants performed on 26 pediatric patients, during the first week of the post-operative period. In all cases the BCAA/AAA quotient was determined before transplant, at the time of PICU admission, and on days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 after transplant. RESULTS: Compared to control group values, the Fisher index for these patients is significantly lower at pre-transplant (p < 0,0001), upon admission (p < 0,001), and days 1 (p < 0,0001), 2 (p < 0,0001) and 3 (p < 0, 0001). Comparison between non-survivors and survivors shows a significant reduction in the first group on the index in days 1 (p < 0,02), 3 (p < 0,02), 4 (p < 0,005), 5 (p < 0,002), 6 (p < 0,03) and 7 (p < 0,01) of post-transplant. CONCLUSIONS: The evolution of the Fisher index can be useful as an indication of the severity of the condition of these kinds of patients, which would help to establish more aggressive treatment to improve prognosis.


Assuntos
Transplante de Fígado , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Criança , Humanos , Estudos Prospectivos
11.
An Esp Pediatr ; 52(4): 339-45, 2000 Apr.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11003931

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether gastric intramucosal pH can be used as an indicator for the treatment of critically ill children. METHODS: A protocol for hemodynamic treatment was tested in 34 critically ill children (medical and surgical patients). Endpoint was considered as normalization of gastric intramucosal pH. Hemodynamic complications were compared with another group of critically ill patients who received conventional treatment. RESULTS: Treatment designed to improve tissue oxygenation (hemodynamic stabilization, volume expansion, and dobutamine perfusion) raised pHi values from 7.25 +/- 0.04 to 7.32 +/- 0.13 (p = 0.014). Seventy-three percent of the children with pHi < 7.30 presented hemodynamic complications. These findings were compared with the results obtained in a control group of 30 critically-ill children given conventional treatment in the pediatric intensive care unit. In this group, 93.8% of the children with a pHi < 7.30 developed hemodynamic complications. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that gastric intramucosal pHi can be useful as an indicator for the hemodynamic treatment of critically ill children.


Assuntos
Estado Terminal/terapia , Mucosa Gástrica/metabolismo , Hemodinâmica , Adolescente , Algoritmos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Lactente , Masculino
12.
An. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr) ; 52(4): 314-318, abr. 2000.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-2434

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Estudiar la evolución del índice de Fisher y su utilidad como indicador de gravedad, durante el postoperatorio inmediato de pacientes pediátricos sometidos a un trasplante de hígado. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: El estudio comprende 32 trasplantes de hígado realizados en 26 niños. En todos los casos el índice BCAA/AAA fue determinado antes del trasplante, al ingreso postrasplante y los días 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 y 7 después del trasplante. RESULTADOS: Comparado con el grupo control, el índice de Fisher de los pacientes fue significativamente más bajo en el pretrasplante (p < 0,0001), al ingreso (p < 0,001) y los días 1 (p < 0,0001), 2 (p < 0,0001) y 3 (p < 0,0001). Al comparar el grupo de pacientes vivos con el grupo de pacientes fallecidos, se evidencia una disminución significativa en el grupo de pacientes fallecidos los días 1 (p < 0,02), 3 (p < 0,02), 4 (p < 0,005), 5 (p < 0,002), 6 (p < 0,03) y 7 (p < 0,01). CONCLUSIÓN: La evolución del índice de Fisher puede servir como parámetro indicador de gravedad en pacientes pediátricos sometidos a un trasplante de hígado, lo que permitiría establecer un tratamiento más intensivo que pudiera mejorar el pronóstico de estos enfermos (AU)


Assuntos
Criança , Humanos , Transplante de Fígado , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Triancinolona Acetonida , Estudos Prospectivos , Anti-Inflamatórios , Artrite Juvenil , Injeções Intra-Articulares
13.
An. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr) ; 52(4): 339-345, abr. 2000.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-2446

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Valorar la eficacia del pH intramucoso gástrico como guía terapéutica en niños críticamente enfermos.MÉTODOS: Se ensaya un protocolo de tratamiento hemodinámico en 34 niños críticamente enfermos (médicos y quirúrgicos), con el objetivo final de conseguir la normalización del pH intramucoso gástrico. Se comparan las complicaciones hemodinámicas con otro grupo de pacientes críticos tratados de forma convencional.RESULTADOS: El tratamiento administrado para mejorar la oxigenación hística (estabilización hemodinámica, expansión de volumen y perfusión de dobutamina) logró elevar los valores del pH intramucoso gástrico desde 7,25 ñ 0,04 hasta 7,32 ñ 0,13 de media (p = 0,014). Presentaron complicaciones hemodinámicas el 73 por ciento de los niños con valores de pH intramucoso gástrico menor de 7,30. Comparamos estos datos con los de un grupo control de 30 niños críticamente enfermos que fueron tratados según las pautas habituales de la unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos. En este grupo, desarrollaron complicaciones hemodinámicas el 93,8 por ciento de los niños con valores de pH intramucoso gástrico inferior a 7,30 (p = 0,048).CONCLUSIÓN: El pH intramucoso gástrico puede ser útil como guía para el tratamiento hemodinámico de niños críticamente enfermos (AU)


Assuntos
Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Masculino , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Feminino , Humanos , Hemodinâmica , Tabagismo , Poluição por Fumaça de Tabaco , Estado Terminal , Transtornos Respiratórios , Algoritmos , Hospitalização , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Mucosa Gástrica
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